(a) Stapedectomy.(1) Facial paralysis.(2) Diminished or bad taste.(3) Total or partial loss of hearing in the operated ear.(4) Brief or long-standing dizziness.(5) Eardrum hole requiring more surgery.(6) Ringing in the ear.(b) Reconstruction of auricle of ear for congenital deformity or trauma.(1) Less satisfactory appearance compared to possible alternative artificial ear.(2) Exposure of implanted material with possible need for removal of material.(c) Tympanoplasty with mastoidectomy.(1) Facial paralysis.(2) Altered or loss of taste.(3) Recurrence of original disease process.(4) Total loss of hearing in operated ear.(5) Dizziness.(6) Ringing in the ear.